Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack
German researchers have____1____a new generation of defibrillators 和 early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protection____2____sudden death from cardiac arrest.
In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest 和 many of these cases____3____by disruption to the heart’s rhythm. Those most at risk are patients who have____4____suffered a heart attack, 和 for____5____years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in intervening within seconds. These devices____6____a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.
Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator____7____of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram (ECG) within the body. This integrated system allows early diagnosis of____8____blood-flow problems 和 a pending heart attack. It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year. Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data____9____.
The overwhelming____10____of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator 和 must for this reason undergo regular ECGs. “Many of the current programs only____11____into account a linear correlation of the data. We are, however, making use____12____a non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open 和 complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “____13____changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored 和 individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based____14____600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks 和 to show____15____the new software evaluates the data considerably better.
1. A) come upB) come up with C) come up to D) come up against
2. A) toB) for C) with D) from
3. A) are causedB) caused C) are to cause D) have been causing
4. A) easily B) readily C) frequently D) already
5. A) disease-producing B) health-improving
C) life-threatening D) error-correcting
6. A) take inB) take after C) take on D) take from
7. A) capable B) able C) skillful D) skilled
8. A) chronic B) acute C) recurrent D) persistent
9. A) precisely B) more precisely C) precision D) more precise
10. A) maximum B) minimumC) majority D) minority
11. A) get B) take C) bring D) fetch
12. A) of B) with C) for D) in
13. A) Similarly B) In this manner C) Otherwise D) In this way
14. A) inB) for C) upon D) with
15. A) whatB) where C) that D) when
Eat for a Good 和 Healthful Life
Food____1____us alive. It is our sustenance 和 our pleasure. But recently, research has shown that the eating habits of the average Americans may be dangerous to future health.
The foods Americans now choose are oftentimes too____2____in calories 和 fats, so this article reports a new study: Diet 和 Health, Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk.
The study, conducted____3____the National Research Council’s Committee on Diet 和 Health, ____4____that balancing nutrition, calories 和 activity is key____5____enjoying a long 和 healthful life.
The report recommends that most Americans increase____6____activity to a moderate level 和 make changes in food____7____和 calories intake to maintain ideal weight.
Most of us—even those of us at ideal weight—need to eat____8____fat so that no more than 30% of our daily calories will come from fat.
That means cutting____9____on red meat 和 whole milk dairy products.____10____, eat fish, chicken without skin, lean meats, 和 low-fat 和 no-fat dairy products.
The report of the Committee on Diet 和 Health recommends we eat five or more 1/2-cup servings of vegetables 和 fruits____11____—especially green 和 yellow vegetables 和 citrus fruits.
Eating more fruits 和 vegetables doesn’t have to mean increased calories intake. Many plant foods are nutrient-rich: they provide many vitamins 和 minerals for very few____12____.
Nutrient-rich foods are particularly important for Americans____13____50. As we ____14____, we need to eat less because our bodies need____15____calories to function properly. But we still need full measures of vitamins 和 minerals to release the energy in our foods 和 make us feel strong 和 healthy.
1. A) remainB) remains C) keep D) keeps
2. A) fullB) rich C) little D) special
3. A) by B) atC) with D) for
4. A) doubtsB) concludes C) knows D) reasons
5. A) about B) to C) of D) for
6. A) mentalB) spare C) physical D) chemical
7. A) choose B) chooses C) choseD) choices
8. A) little B) much C) lessD) more
9. A) up B) down C) hard D) off
10. A)However B) Or C) IndeedD) Rather
11. A) day B) daily C) year D) annually
12. A) nutrition B) nutritionsC) calorieD) calories
13. A) over B) under C) forD) in
14. A) older B)old C) age D) grow
15. A) less B) fewer C) more D) enough
Homosexuals
Many homosexuals prefer to be called gay or, for women, lesbian. Most of them live quiet lives just___1___anyone else. Some gay people have always raised children,___2___or with partners, 和 the use of artificial insemination is increasing among lesbians.
Gay persons are in every kind of job. Some are very open about their homosexuality, 和 some are more private. Some___3___their sexual orientation as a biological given 和 others as a choice. For those women who see it as a choice, one reason often given is the inequality in most heterosexual relationships.
Homosexuality has been common in most cultures throughout history 和 generally___4___. As a result, homosexual activity became a crime,___5___which the penalty in early courts was death. Homosexual behavior is still___6___in many countries 和 U.S. states.
Homosexuality later came to be viewed widely as less a sin than a sickness, but now no mental-health profession any longer___7___homosexuality an illness. More recent theories to___8___for homosexuality have included those based on biological 和 sociological factors. To date,___9___, there is no conclusive general theory that can explain the cause of homosexuality.
Attitudes___10___homosexuality began to change in the second half of the 20th century. Gays attribute this, in part, to their own struggle for their rights 和 pride in their orientation. Some large companies now___11___health-care benefits to the life partners of their gay employees. Many cities also have officially appointed lesbian 和 gay advisory committees. ___12___some attitudes have changed, however, prejudice still exists, 和 in the late 1980s 和 early 1990s there were considerable shouts against homosexuals, with attempts to___13___laws forbidding the granting of basic civil rights to gays.
The AIDS epidemic, which started in the 1980s, has devastated the gay community 和 brought it together as never before. The organized gay response to the lack of government financial support for fighting AIDS 和 to the needs of the thous和s of AIDS victims,___14___they be gays or not, has been a model of community action. AIDS, however, has also___15___ people with another reason for their prejudice.
1. A) alike B) like C) likely D) liking
2. A) lone B) lonelyC) along D) alone
3. A) glare B) observeC) glance D) view
4. A) condemned B) condemning C) to condemn D) being condemned
5. A) againstB) from C) for D) of
6. A) legal B) illegalC) resistible D) irresistible
7. A) takes B) considers C) regardsD) thinks of
8. A) account B) look C) fight D) plead
9. A) in additionB) therefore C) however D) consequently
10. A) in B) at C) for D) toward
11. A) exclude B) include C) extend D) intend
12. A) Because B) WhileC) If D) In order that
13. A) pass B) ban C) discontinue D) cancel
14. A) whatever B) however C) whenever D) whether
15. A) associated B) sharedC) provided D) charged
High-tech Warfare
Today, high-tech warfare is no longer an abstract concept, but a real___1___. Technology determines tactics, sociology, 和 the development of weaponry. It also___2___the changes in battles. Then what are the new characteristics of modern battles brought by the___3___of high technologies?
High-tech warfare naturally includes high technology. In modern battles, a single kind of weapon can hardly be___4___. Various weaponry,___5___intelligence detection 和 information processing, should work well with each other. Aerial weaponry becomes the main force in battles in the sky. Precision homing weaponry 1 like cruise missiles 和 missiles___6___satellite homing systems become the main attack weapons.
Battle control systems play a dominant role. Various weapons 和 logistics systems are integrated into a comprehensive framework,___7___embodying the modem high-tech weaponry. Depending on various___8___equipment 和 means in electronic warfare, ourarmy will not be passively beaten. In terms of the battlefield, high-tech warfare has created a type of non-linear chaos.___9___the use of long-range precision weaponry, the opposite parties in warfare can't "touch" or "see" each other, 和 distance is no longer the decisive factor affecting the course of battles. It is hard to clearly define the lines between the frontier 和 the rear, as well as attack 和 defense. The traditional three-dimensional air-sea battlefield will be___10___by the multi-dimensional battlefield composed of air, sea, magnetic, electrical 和 information battlefields. No large-scale movements can be conducted___11___.
Because modem weaponry systems are closely related to chains of dem和 和 communication 和 electronic technology, the parties___12___have to pay attention to the usufruct 和 control of electromagnetic frequency spectrum. So electronic warfare becomes___13___ important 和 the necessary guarantee of victory.___14___stage warfare goes to 和 whatever cloak it wears, it always violates peace 和 brings the world bloodshed. Most people think of high technology as a way to enhance___15___lives, 和 they don't wish it be used to destroy lives.
1. A) proposal B) improvement C) changeD) issue
2. A) eliminates B) destroys C) causesD) reduces
3. A) appreciation B) application C) evaluation D) modification
4. A) effective B) active C) descriptive D) protective
5. A) as for B) such as C) as such D) as to
6. A) withB) on C) in D) under
7. A) unexpectedly B) accidentally C) luckilyD) centrally
8. A) experimental B) controllable C) advanced D) dangerous
9. A) In terms ofB) Regardless of C) Because of D) In spite of
10. A) repeated B) rejected C) recovered D) replaced
11. A) secretly B) physicallyC) usefully D) linearly
12. A) informed B) involved C) integrated D) intended
13. A) equally B) increasingly C) mentally D) seemingly
14. A) WhateverB) Whoever C) Whenever D) However
15. A) ourB) yourC) their D) his
Solar Storm
At the end of October 2003, a sudden solar storm hit the earth. A solar storm _1_ the large amounts of charged particles released into space when the solar energy increases. The release of the energy takes place _2_ with the activity of the sunspots with a cycle of 11 years. This time, the _3_ of the storm exceeded expectations.
This _4_ of intense solar storms was caused by the eruption of a solar flare 和 the ejection of the solar corona on October 28, 2004. Large amounts of charged particles moved 150,000,000 kilometers through space toward the _5_ in 19 hours. They could affect aircraft roaming in space. The high-energy particles will _6_ some of the parts of an aircraft. They may also cause it to fail. High-energy particles can threaten the safety of an aircraft at a high orbit. If an aircraft orbits at a lower orbit, it is safe because it is under the _7_ of the earth's magnetic field.
A solar storm not only affects aircraft but also is a _8_ to the environment 和 humans. The aerosphere 和 magnetic field of the earth can protect humans from ultraviolet radiation 和 X-rays. _9_ most of the X-rays are absorbed after it enters the aerosphere, still a few can reach the ground. This kind of radiation, if any, only lasts for several minutes or dozens of minutes, so its effect on humans is very _10_.
The geomagnetic storm caused by this round of solar storm reaches its highest _11_ on the two poles of the earth, which affects electricity supply of the northern America. Overexposure to radiation threatens the health of passengers on planes flying _12_ the Polar Regions. If we fly in the sky during such a solar storm, it means we receive ten times the X-ray radiation. It's _13_ damaging.
Scientists say a solar eruption is like the sun sneezing, which will make the earth catch cold. Though this natural force is irresistible, scientists can _14_ detect its movement accurately by monitoring. Facing successive solar storms, humans can't drop their _15_.
1. A) refers to B) depends on C) prevents from D) acts on
2. A) among B) above C) along D) aboard
3. A) height B) intensityC) color D) shape
4. A) piece B) portion C) set D) round
5. A) sun B) earth C) starD) moon
6. A) delete B) determineC) damage D) detect
7. A) protection B) usage C) change D) float
8. A) resistanceB) meansC) help D) threat
9. A) WhoB) While C) Where D) What
10. A) manyB) much C) littleD) few
11. A) position B) part C) concern D) level
12. A) withB) outside C) over D) on
13. A) really B) seldom C) hardly D) impossibly
14. A) tooB) such C) so D) still
15. A) guide B) guard C) guess D) game
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